OVERVIEW OF CHAPTER 1
SOMATIC PATTERNING

A Historical Perspective
Posture and Attitude
The Human Movement Crisis

SOMATIC PATTERNING APPROACHES AND PATTERN RECOGNITION

FORCES THAT SHAPE MOVEMENT

Biological and Behavioral Foundations of Movement

Upright Posture
Opposable Thumbs
Neoteny
The Cerebral Cortex

Sensorimotor Learning

Movement Precedes Sensation and Perception
Imprinting and Family Patterns
Body Awareness and Self-Image
Movement Initiated by Input from Sense Organs

Defense Mechanisms

Fight, Flight, Freeze Responses
Muscular Armor and Bracing
Habituation and Holding Patterns
The Startle “Reflex”
Emotional Tone

Parallels between Human and Other Animal Movements

Prevertebral Patterns
Vertebral Patterns

INTEGRATED MOVEMENT AND POSTURE

Body-Mind Integration
Postural Integration
Models of Somatic Integration

 

OVERVIEW OF CHAPTER 2
HOLDING PATTERNS

FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY

Form and Function
Normal Spinal Alignment
Myofascial Restrictions
Musculoskeletal Imbalances

Skeletal Muscles
Smooth and Cardiac Muscles
Stabilizer and Mobilizer Muscles

Muscular Responses to Chronic Pain
Structural and Functional Patterns

THE ROOTS OF HOLDING PATTERNS

Muscular Splinting

Instability and Rigidity
Abusive and Positional Postures

Developmental Movement Gaps

Premature Demands
Touch and Early Handling
Weak Push and Reach Patterns

HOLDING PATTERNS AND PAIN

Physical and Emotional Pain

The Pain Cycle
Pain-Avoidance Behaviors

Mechanics of the Pain Cycle
Chronic Pain Syndromes

Myofascial Pain Syndrome and Fibromyalgia
Nerve Impingement, Irritation, or Damage
Trigger Points
Headaches

WORKING WITH PATTERNS THAT CAUSE PAIN

The Gate Theory of Pain
Problems with Pain-Relieving Movement Habits

Assessing Pain
Emotions and Thoughts that Restrict Motion

Secondary Gain from Pain Patterns
The Unlayering Process and Opening Pain
Importance of Movement after an Injury

 

OVERVIEW OF CHAPTER 3
DISCOVERING SOMATIC CONCEPTS AND METHODS

Roots of Somatic Patterning
Somatic Patterning Applications

SIX BASIC CONCEPTS AND METHODS

Holism
Somatic Awareness

Perception
Sensory Awareness
The Problem with the Perception of Pain

Core Movement

Core Movement Patterns
Psychosomatic Patterns and the Core

Process Orientation
Somatic Resonance

Putting Somatic Resonance into Practice
Resonance and Intuition
Feedback and Objectivity

Oscillation between Dualities

 

OVERVIEW OF CHAPTER 4
A COLLECTION OF APPROACHES

PSYCHOSOMATIC APPROACHES

Cognitive Therapy and Behavioral Approaches

Neurolinguistic Programming
Visualization in Healing Illness and Trauma

Brain Centers and Their Associated Patterns

Forebrain, Midbrain, and Hindbrain
The Cellular “Brain”
Emotional Intelligence: The Brain as an Organ

The Body-Mind Dilemma: Patterning or Psychotherapy

A NEUROLOGICAL APPROACH

Autonomic Patterning

The Relaxation Response
Organic Movement Practices

Neuromuscular Patterning

Reflexes
Developmental Patterning

MODULATING DUALITIES

Balancing Experiential, Body-Based Learning with Cognitive Learning
Reflexive and Reflective Movement Coordination
Integrating Facilitation and Inhibition
Sensory and Motor Balance
Establishing Support before Movement

INNER AND OUTER BALANCE BETWEEN ANS AND SNS

Motility and Mobility
Balancing Organic and Mechanical Approaches

Organic Movement
The Workings of Mechanical Movement

 

OVERVIEW OF CHAPTER 5
TYPES OF PATTERNING EXERCISES

STARTING THE PATTERNING PROCESS

EFFORT

Relaxation
Tone
Responsiveness

INITIATION AND SEQUENCING MOVEMENT

BREATHING

External versus Internal Respiration
Respiratory Anatomy

Ribcage Motion during Respiration
Breathing Cycles

The Respiratory Diaphragm as a Postural Stabilizer
Psychosomatic Patterns of Breathing

Paradoxical Breathing
Breathing as a Body-Centered Practice

MOVEMENT INITIATED BY SENSE ORGANS

The Temporomandibular Joint
Eye Movement
Equilibrium, Hearing, and the Ears

INTEGRATION AND APPLICATION

OVERVIEW OF CHAPTER 6
THE MOTILITY OF ORGANS AND FLUIDS

THE ORGANS

Organs and Emotional Processing
Feeling Organ Sensations as a Therapeutic Tool
The Gastrointestinal (GI) Tract
The Heart and Lungs
The Urinary and Reproductive Systems

FLUID SYSTEMS

Fluid Forces
Circulation and Physiological Rhythms

Flow
Accessing the Fluids’ Rhythms

Water
Intercellular and Extracellular Fluids
The Heart

Blood Distribution
Cardiac Health and Heart Rate
Circulatory Rhythms

Interstitial Fluid and Fascia
Lymph
Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
Lubricating Joints

RESPONSIVENESS AND ORGANIC MOVEMENT

OVERVIEW OF CHAPTER 7
THE NEUROLOGICAL ACTIONS

Yield
Push
Reach
Pull

PREVERTEBRAL PATTERNS

Cellular Movement
Navel Radiation
Mouthing Patterns
Prespinal Movements along the Soft Spine

VERTEBRAL PATTERNS

Spinal Patterns

The Spinal Push
The Spinal Reach

Homologous Patterns

Homologous Push Patterns
Homologous Reach Patterns

Homolateral Pushes
Contralateral Reaches

Lumbar Reflexes, Rolls, and Gyroscopic Twists
Midline

DEVELOPMENTAL PATTERNING TO INTEGRATE BODYWORK

OVERVIEW OF CHAPTER 8
TAKING A CORTICAL APPROACH

”Awareness Through Movement”
Visualization and Ideokinesis

BONES

Skeletal Architecture and Physical Forces

Dimensional Balance in Movement
Laws of Motion
Mechanical Stresses
Gravity and Levity
Balance between Compressive and Tensile Stresses

Synovial Joints

MUSCLES

Muscle Fibers and Function

Muscle Contraction
Types of Contraction

Stretching Muscles or Fascia

Reciprocal Inhibition and Innervation in Coupled Pairs
Stretching Techniques

PERIPHERAL NERVES AND STRETCHING

OVERVIEW OF CHAPTER 9
PATTERNING FOR POSTURAL STABILITY

Guidelines for Patterning Postural Stabilizers

Using Minimal Effort
Diaphragmatic Breathing
Inhibiting Phasic Contractions and Stretching

Spinal Stabilization and Neutral Posture
The Dissociation of Joint Motion
Assessing Which Muscles to Train

THE PELVIS AND LUMBAR STABILIZERS

The Transversus Abdominis and Perineum
The Psoas Major
The Lumbar Multifidus

STABILIZERS OF SCAPULA NEUTRAL

The Trapezius
The Serratus Anterior
Finding Scapula Neutral

STABILIZERS OF THE CERVICAL SPINE

THE CO-CONTRACTION OF SPINAL STABILIZERS

OVERVIEW OF CHAPTER 10
STANDARD TERMS TO DESCRIBE MOVEMENT

THE SPINE

The Front of the Spine
The Back of the Spine
Integrating Spinal Movement through Arcing

COMPARING UPPER AND LOWER LIMB MOVEMENT

Dexterity of the Upper Limbs

Hand-Eye Coordination
Hand Movement

The Shoulder Girdle

Rotation and Circumduction
The Scapulohumeral Rhythm

The Pelvis

Movement of the Sacrum and Pelvis
The Coccyx and Pelvic Floor

The Hips and Legs

Flexion and Extension of the Lower Limb
Rotation of the Lower Limb
The Knee and Sagittal Tracking
The Feet

The Lumbar-Pelvic Rhythm

WEIGHT SHIFTS AND LOCOMOTION

Walking
Stepping through the Whole Foot

 

OVERVIEW OF CHAPTER 11
THE ALEXANDER TECHNIQUE

Inhibition
Verbal Directives and Light Touch
Process Orientation and Philosophy
The Johannesburg Trial

LABANALYSIS

Movement Choirs and Pageants
Effort Qualities and Personality Assessment
Space Harmony

THE LABAN/BARTENIEFF INSTITUTE OF MOVEMENT STUDIES (LIMS)

FELDENKRAIS AND AWARENESS THROUGH MOVEMENT

Roots of the Feldenkrais Method
Functional Integration and Private Sessions
Feldenkrais Concepts about Development and Movement

PSYCHOPHYSICAL MOVEMENT EDUCATION

Ideokinetic Facilitation
The Constructive Rest Position

SENSORY AWARENESS

BODY-MIND CENTERING

Developmental Patterning: Reflexes, Reactions, and Responses
Automatic Movement and Cellular Touch

CONTINUUM MOVEMENT

PILATES METHOD

CONTACT IMPROVISATION

OVERVIEW OF CHAPTER 12
ROLFING: STRUCTURAL INTEGRATION

Basic Principles of Rolfing
The Body as a Tensile Structure
The Confusion between Myofascial Release and Rolfing
Rolfing Movement

ASTON PATTERNING

CRANIALSACRAL (CS) THERAPY

The Upledger Institute
Unwinding and Somato-emotional Therapy

PROPRIOCEPTIVE NEUROMUSCULAR FACILITATION (PNF)

PNF Patterns
PNF Techniques

STABILITY REHABILITATION

OVERVIEW OF CHAPTER 13
STRESS

The General Adaptation Model
Autonomic Flexibility
Autogenics

BIOFEEDBACK THERAPY

Brain Wave Feedback
Progressive Muscle Relaxation and Electromyography
The Greens’ Biofeedback Research
The Relaxation Response
Biofeedback and Imagery

HOW THE MIND LIVES IN THE BODY

Stress and the Brain
Neuropeptides: The Chemical Communicators
Psychoneuroimmunology
Healing and PNI

 

OVERVIEW OF CHAPTER 14
BEHAVIORISM AND BEHAVIORAL AND COGNITIVE THERAPY

Cognitive Therapy
Transcending the “Story”

NEUROLINGUISTIC PROGRAMMING (NLP)

Tracking Responses

Representational Systems
Matching and Rapport

Reframing
Association, Dissociation, and Transference

Changing Associations
Transference through Touch

Timeline

 

OVERVIEW OF CHAPTER 15
REICHIAN THERAPY

Bands of Armor
Releasing Character Fixations
Touch and Psychotherapy

BIOENERGETICS

Character Types
Energetic Studies

The Formative Process
The Accordion Practice and Embodying Process

DANCE MOVEMENT THERAPY

PRENATAL AND PARANATAL PSYCHOLOGY

FRITZ PERLS AND GESTALT THERAPY

FOCUSING